1. Ionization: They work by ionization of the air inside the device. When smoke enters the ionization chamber, it disrupts the electric current, which activates an alarm. These detectors are more sensitive to small smoke particles that occur during rapid fires (for example, when flammable materials ignite).
  2. Optical (photoelectric): Use an infrared ray that passes through a special camera. When smoke enters the camera, it refracts or scatters light, which triggers an alarm. These devices respond better to the smoke characteristic of smoldering fires (for example, when furniture or carpets catch fire).

 

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